Use of Manufactured Sand in Concrete and Construction An Alternate to River Sand
Introduction
Natural or River sand are weathered and worn out particles of rocks and are of various grades or sizes depending upon the amount of wearing. Now-a-days good sand is not readily available, it is transported from a long distance. Those resources are also exhausting very rapidly. So it is a need of the time to find some substitute to natural river sand.
The artificial sand produced by proper machines can be a better substitute to river sand. The sand must be of proper gradation (it should have particles from 150 microns to 4.75 mm in proper proportion).
When fine particles are in proper proportion, the sand will have fewer voids. The cement quantity required will be less. Such sand will be more economical. Demand for manufactured fine aggregates for making concrete is increasing day by day as river sand cannot meet the rising demand of construction sector. Natural river sand takes millions of years to form and is not repleneshible.
Because of its limited supply, the cost of Natural River sand has sky rocketed and its consistent supply cannot be guaranteed. Under this circumstances use of manufactured sand becomes inevitable.
River sand in many parts of the country is not graded properly and has excessive silt and organic impurities and these can be detrimental to durability of steel in concrete whereas manufactured sand has no silt or organic impurities
However, many people in India have doubts about quality of concrete / mortars when manufactured or artificial sand are used. Manufactured sand have been regularly used to make quality concrete for decades in India and abroad.
Pune - Mumbai expressway was completely built using artificial/manufactured sand.
Issues with Manufactured Sand (M-Sand)
The artificial sand produced by proper machines can be a better substitute to river sand. The sand must be of proper gradation (it should have particles from 150 microns to 4.75 mm in proper proportion).
When fine particles are in proper proportion, the sand will have fewer voids. The cement quantity required will be less. Such sand will be more economical. Demand for manufactured fine aggregates for making concrete is increasing day by day as river sand cannot meet the rising demand of construction sector. Natural river sand takes millions of years to form and is not repleneshible.
Because of its limited supply, the cost of Natural River sand has sky rocketed and its consistent supply cannot be guaranteed. Under this circumstances use of manufactured sand becomes inevitable.
River sand in many parts of the country is not graded properly and has excessive silt and organic impurities and these can be detrimental to durability of steel in concrete whereas manufactured sand has no silt or organic impurities
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| Manufactured sand | River sand |
However, many people in India have doubts about quality of concrete / mortars when manufactured or artificial sand are used. Manufactured sand have been regularly used to make quality concrete for decades in India and abroad.
Pune - Mumbai expressway was completely built using artificial/manufactured sand.
Issues with Manufactured Sand (M-Sand)
- The Civil engineers, Architects, Builders, and Contractors agree that the river sand, which is available today, is deficient in many respect. It does content very high silt fine particles (as in case of Filter sand).
- Presence of other impurities such as coal, bones, shells, mica and silt etc makes it inferior for the use in cement concrete. The decay of these materials, due to weathering effect, shortens the life of the concrete.
- Now-a-days, the Government have put ban on lifting sand from River bed.
- Transportation of sand damages the roads.
- Removing sand from river bed impact the environment, as water table goes deeper & ultimately dry.
General Requirements of Manufactured Sand (M-Sand)
- All the sand particles should have higher crushing strength.
- The surface texture of the particles should be smooth.
- The edges of the particles should be grounded.
- The ratio of fines below 600 microns in sand should not be less than 30%.
- There should not be any organic impurities
- Silt in sand should not be more than 2%, for crushed sand.
- In manufactured sand the permissible limit of fines below 75 microns shall not exceed 15%.
Crushing, Screening, and Washing
Manufacturing of Sand process involves three stages, crushing of stones in to aggregates by VSI, then fed to Rotopactor to crush aggregates into sand to required grain sizes (as fines). Screening is done to eliminate dust particles and Washing of sand eliminates very fine particles present within. The end product will satisfy all the requirements of IS:383 and can be used in Concrete & construction. The VSI Plants are available capacity up-to 400Ton Per Hour(TPH).
Only, sand manufactured by VSI crusher/Rotopactor is cubical and angular in shape. Sand made by other types of machines is flaky, which is troublesome in working. The Jaw crushers, are generally used for crushing stones in to metal/aggregates. Manufactured sand from jaw crusher, cone crusher, roll crusher often contain higher percentage of dust and have flaky particle.
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| Rotopactor( Sand Making machine) | Vertical Shaft Impactor |
Manufacturing of Sand process involves three stages, crushing of stones in to aggregates by VSI, then fed to Rotopactor to crush aggregates into sand to required grain sizes (as fines). Screening is done to eliminate dust particles and Washing of sand eliminates very fine particles present within. The end product will satisfy all the requirements of IS:383 and can be used in Concrete & construction. The VSI Plants are available capacity up-to 400Ton Per Hour(TPH).
Manufactured Sand (M Sand)
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| VSI Crushed Sand -Cubical | Jaw crushed sand -Flaky |
Only, sand manufactured by VSI crusher/Rotopactor is cubical and angular in shape. Sand made by other types of machines is flaky, which is troublesome in working. The Jaw crushers, are generally used for crushing stones in to metal/aggregates. Manufactured sand from jaw crusher, cone crusher, roll crusher often contain higher percentage of dust and have flaky particle.
if you're looking for best m sand supplier and dealers in bengaluru, or any building materials contact: +91 9845945457/ 9071283283/ 9071285285
Source: https://www.nbmcw.com/tech-articles/concrete/28675-use-of-manufactured-sand-in-concrete-and-construction-an-alternate-to-river-sand.html
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